variable cost :可變成本
variable input :可變投入
variables :變量
vector :向量
visible hand :看得見的手
vulgar economics :庸俗經(jīng)濟學
wage :工資
wage rate :工資率
Walras general equilibrium :瓦爾拉斯總體均衡
Walras's law :瓦爾拉斯法則
Wants :需要
Welfare criterion :福利標準
Welfare economics :福利經(jīng)學
Welfare loss triangle :福利損失三角形
welfare maximization :福利極大化
zero cost :零成本
zero elasticity :零彈性
zero homogeneity :零階齊次性
zero economic profit :零利潤
accounting:會計
accounting cost :會計成本
accounting profit :會計利潤
adverse selection :逆向選擇
allocation 配置
allocation of resources :資源配置
allocative efficiency :配置效率
antitrust legislation :反托拉斯法
arc elasticity :弧彈性
Arrow's impossibility theorem :阿羅不可能定理
Assumption :假設
asymmetric information :非對稱性信息
average :平均
average cost :平均成本
average cost pricing :平均成本定價法
average fixed cost :平均固定成本
average product of capital :資本平均產量
average product of labour :勞動平均產量
average revenue :平均收益
average total cost :平均總成本
average variable cost :平均可變成本
barriers to entry :進入壁壘
base year :基年
bilateral monopoly :雙邊壟斷
benefit :收益
black market :黑市
bliss point :極樂點
boundary point :邊界點
break even point :收支相抵點
budget :預算
budget constraint :預算約束
budget line :預算線
budget set 預算集
capital :資本
capital stock :資本存量
capital output ratio :資本產出比率
capitalism :資本主義
cardinal utility theory :基數(shù)效用論
cartel :卡特爾
ceteris puribus assumption :“其他條件不變”的假設
ceteris puribus demand curve :其他因素不變的需求曲線
Chamberlin model :張伯倫模型
change in demand :需求變化
change in quantity demanded :需求量變化
change in quantity supplied :供給量變化
change in supply :供給變化
choice :選擇
closed set :閉集
Coase theorem :科斯定理
Cobb—Douglas production function :柯布--道格拉斯生產函數(shù)
cobweb model :蛛網(wǎng)模型
collective bargaining :集體協(xié)議工資
collusion :合謀
command economy :指令經(jīng)濟
commodity :商品
commodity combination :商品組合
commodity market :商品市場
commodity space :商品空間
common property :公用財產
comparative static analysis :比較靜態(tài)分析
compensated budget line :補償預算線
compensated demand function :補償需求函數(shù)
compensation principles :補償原則
compensating variation in income :收入補償變量
competition :競爭
competitive market :競爭性市場
complement goods :互補品
complete information :完全信息
completeness :完備性
condition for efficiency in exchange :交換的最優(yōu)條件
condition for efficiency in production :生產的最優(yōu)條件
concave :凹
concave function :凹函數(shù)
concave preference :凹偏好
consistence :一致性
constant cost industry :成本不變產業(yè)
constant returns to scale :規(guī)模報酬不變
constraints :約束
consumer :消費者
consumer behavior :消費者行為
consumer choice :消費者選擇
consumer equilibrium :消費者均衡
consumer optimization :消費者優(yōu)化
consumer preference :消費者偏好
consumer surplus :消費者剩余
consumer theory :消費者理論
consumption :消費
consumption bundle :消費束
consumption combination :消費組合
consumption possibility curve :消費可能曲線
consumption possibility frontier :消費可能性前沿
consumption set :消費集
consumption space :消費空間
continuity :連續(xù)性
continuous function :連續(xù)函數(shù)
contract curve :契約曲線
convex :凸
convex function :凸函數(shù)
convex preference :凸偏好
convex set :凸集
corporation :公司
cost :成本
cost benefit analysis :成本收益分
cost function :成本函數(shù)
cost minimization :成本極小化
Cournot equilibrium :古諾均衡
Cournot model :古諾模型
Cross—price elasticity :交叉價格彈性
dead—weights loss :重負損失
decreasing cost industry :成本遞減產業(yè)
decreasing returns to scale :規(guī)模報酬遞減
deduction :演繹法
demand :需求
demand curve :需求曲線
demand elasticity :需求彈性
demand function :需求函數(shù)
demand price :需求價格
demand schedule :需求表
depreciation :折舊
derivative :導數(shù)
derive demand :派生需求
difference equation :差分方程
differential equation :微分方程
differentiated good :差異商品
differentiated oligoply :差異寡頭
diminishing marginal substitution :邊際替代率遞減
diminishing marginal return :收益遞減
diminishing marginal utility :邊際效用遞減
direct approach :直接法
direct taxes :直接稅
discounting :貼稅、折扣
diseconomies of scale :規(guī)模不經(jīng)濟
disequilibrium :非均衡
distribution :分配
division of labour :勞動分工
distribution theory of marginal productivity :邊際生產率分配論
duopoly :雙頭壟斷、雙寡
duality :對偶
durable goods :耐用品
dynamic analysis :動態(tài)分析
dynamic models :動態(tài)模型
Economic agents :經(jīng)濟行為者
economic cost :經(jīng)濟成本
economic efficiency :經(jīng)濟效率
economic goods :經(jīng)濟物品
economic man :經(jīng)濟人
economic mode :經(jīng)濟模型
economic profit :經(jīng)濟利潤
economic region of production :生產的經(jīng)濟區(qū)域
economic regulation :經(jīng)濟調節(jié)
economic rent :經(jīng)濟租金
exchange :交換
economics :經(jīng)濟學
exchange efficiency :交換效率
economy :經(jīng)濟
exchange contract curve :交換契約曲線
economy of scale :規(guī)模經(jīng)濟
Edgeworth box diagram :埃奇沃思圖
exclusion :排斥性、排他性
Edgeworth contract curve :埃奇沃思契約線
Edgeworth model :埃奇沃思模型
efficiency :效率,效益
efficiency parameter :效率參數(shù)
elasticity :彈性
elasticity of substitution :替代彈性
endogenous variable :內生變量
endowment :稟賦
endowment of resources :資源稟賦
Engel curve :恩格爾曲線
entrepreneur :企業(yè)家
entrepreneurship :企業(yè)家才能
entry barriers :進入壁壘
entry/exit decision :進出決策
envelope curve :包絡線
equilibrium :均衡
equilibrium condition :均衡條件
equilibrium price :均衡價格
equilibrium quantity :均衡產量
equity :公平
equivalent variation in income :收入等價變量
excess—capacity theorem :過度生產能力定理
excess supply :過度供給
exchange :交換
exchange contract curve :交換契約曲線
exclusion :排斥性、排他性
exclusion principle :排他性原則
existence :存在性
existence of general equilibrium :總體均衡的存在性
exogenous variables :外生變量
expansion paths :擴展徑
expectation :期望
expected utility :期望效用
expected value :期望值
expenditure :支出
explicit cost :顯性成本
external benefit :外部收益
external cost :外部成本
external economy :外部經(jīng)濟
external diseconomy :外部不經(jīng)濟
externalities :外部性
Factor :要素
factor demand :要素需求
factor market :要素市場
factors of production :生產要素
factor substitution :要素替代
factor supply :要素供給
fallacy of composition :合成謬誤
final goods :最終產品
firm :企業(yè)
firms’demand curve for labor :企業(yè)勞動需求曲線
firm supply curve :企業(yè)供給曲線
first-degree price discrimination :第一級價格歧視
first—order condition :一階條件
fixed costs :固定成本
fixed input :固定投入
fixed proportions production function :固定比例的生產函數(shù)
flow :流量
fluctuation :波動
for whom to produce :為誰生產
free entry :自由進入
free goods :自由品,免費品
free mobility of resources :資源自由流動
free rider :搭便車,免費搭車
function :函數(shù)
future value :未來值
game theory :對策論、博弈論
general equilibrium :總體均衡
general goods :一般商品
Giffen goods :吉芬晶 收入補償需求曲線
Giffen's Paradox :吉芬之謎
Gini coefficient :吉尼系數(shù)
Golden rule :黃金規(guī)則
goods :貨物
government failure :政府失敗
government regulation :政府調控
grand utility possibility curve :總效用可能曲線
grand utility possibility frontier :總效用可能前沿
heterogeneous product :異質產品
Hicks—kaldor welfare criterion :??怂挂豢柖喔@麡藴?/P>
homogeneity :齊次性
homogeneous demand function :齊次需求函數(shù)
homogeneous product :同質產品
homogeneous production function :齊次生產函數(shù)
horizontal summation :水平和
household :家庭
how to produce :如何生產
human capital :人力資本
hypothesis :假說
identity :恒等式
imperfect competition :不完全競爭
implicit cost :隱性成本
income :收入
income compensated demand curve :收入補償需求曲線
income constraint :收入約束
income consumption curve :收入消費曲線
income distribution :收入分配
income effect :收入效應
income elasticity of demand :需求收入彈性
increasing cost industry :成本遞增產業(yè)
increasing returns to scale :規(guī)模報酬遞增
inefficiency :缺乏效率
index number :指數(shù)
indifference :無差異
indifference curve :無差異曲線
indifference map :無差異族
indifference relation :無差異關系
indifference set :無差異集
indirect approach :間接法
individual analysis :個量分析
individual demand curve :個人需求曲線
individual demand function :個人需求函數(shù)
induced variable :引致變量
induction :歸納法
industry :產業(yè)
industry equilibrium :產業(yè)均衡
industry supply curve :產業(yè)供給曲線
inelastic :缺乏彈性的
inferior goods :劣品
inflection point :拐點
information :信息
information cost :信息成本
initial condition :初始條件
initial endowment :初始稟賦
innovation :創(chuàng)新
input :投入
input—output :投入—產出
institution :制度
institutional economics :制度經(jīng)濟學
insurance :保險
intercept :截距
interest :利息
interest rate :利息率
intermediate goods :中間產品
internalization of externalities :外部性內部化
invention :發(fā)明
inverse demand function :逆需求函數(shù)
investment :投資
invisible hand :看不見的手
isocost line :等成本線,
isoprofit curve :等利潤曲線
isoquant curve :等產量曲線
isoquant map :等產量族
kinded—demand curve :彎折的需求曲線
labour :勞動
labour demand :勞動需求
labour supply :勞動供給
labour theory of value :勞動價值論
labour unions :工會
laissez faire :自由放任
Lagrangian function :拉格朗日函數(shù)
Lagrangian multiplier :拉格朗乘數(shù),
land :土地
law :法則
law of demand and supply :供需法
law of diminishing marginal utility :邊際效用遞減法則
law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution
:邊際替代率遞減法則
law of diminishing marginal rate of technical
substitution :邊際技術替代率
law of increasing cost :成本遞增法則
law of one price :單一價格法則
leader—follower model :領導者--跟隨者模型
least—cost combination of inputs :最低成本的投入組合
leisure :閑暇
Leontief production function :列昂節(jié)夫生產函數(shù)
licenses :許可證
linear demand function :線性需求函數(shù)
linear homogeneity :線性齊次性
linear homogeneous production function :線性齊次生產函數(shù)
long run :長期
long run average cost :長期平均成本
long run equilibrium :長期均衡
long run industry supply curve :長期產業(yè)供給曲線
long run marginal cost :長期邊際成本
long run total cost :長期總成本
Lorenz curve :洛倫茲曲線
loss minimization :損失極小化
1ump sum tax :一次性征稅
luxury :奢侈品
macroeconomics :宏觀經(jīng)濟學
marginal :邊際的
marginal benefit :邊際收益
marginal cost :邊際成本
marginal cost pricing :邊際成本定價
marginal cost of factor :邊際要素成本
marginal physical productivity :實際實物生產率
marginal product :邊際產量
marginal product of capital :資本的邊際產量
marginal product of 1abour :勞動的邊際產量
marginal productivity :邊際生產率
marginal rate of substitution :邊替代率
marginal rate of transformation 邊際轉換率
marginal returns :邊際回報
marginal revenue :邊際收益
marginal revenue product :邊際收益產品
marginal revolution :邊際革命
marginal social benefit :社會邊際收益
marginal social cost :社會邊際成本
marginal utility :邊際效用
marginal value products :邊際價值產品
market :市場
market clearance :市場結清,市場洗清
market demand :市場需求
market economy :市場經(jīng)濟
market equilibrium :市場均衡
market failure :市場失敗
market mechanism :市場機制
market structure :市場結構
market separation :市場分割
market regulation :市場調節(jié)
market share :市場份額
markup pricing :加減定價法
Marshallian demand function :馬歇爾需求函數(shù)
maximization :極大化
microeconomics :微觀經(jīng)濟學
minimum wage :最低工資
misallocation of resources :資源誤置
mixed economy :混合經(jīng)濟
model :模型
money :貨幣
monopolistic competition :壟斷競爭
monopolistic exploitation :壟斷剝削
monopoly :壟斷,賣方壟斷
monopoly equilibrium :壟斷均衡
monopoly pricing :壟斷定價
monopoly regulation :壟斷調控
monopoly rents :壟斷租金
monopsony :買方壟斷
Nash equilibrium :納什均衡
Natural monopoly :自然壟斷
Natural resources :自然資源
Necessary condition :必要條件
necessities :必需品
net demand :凈需求
nonconvex preference :非凸性偏好
nonconvexity :非凸性
nonexclusion :非排斥性
nonlinear pricing :非線性定價
nonrivalry :非對抗性
nonprice competition :非價格競爭
nonsatiation :非飽和性
non--zero—sum game :非零和對策
normal goods :正常品
normal profit :正常利潤
normative economics :規(guī)范經(jīng)濟學
objective function :目標函數(shù)
oligopoly :寡頭壟斷
oligopoly market :寡頭市場
oligopoly model :寡頭模型
opportunity cost :機會成本
optimal choice :最佳選擇
optimal consumption bundle :消費束
perfect elasticity :完全有彈性
optimal resource allocation :最佳資源配置
optimal scale :最佳規(guī)模
optimal solution :最優(yōu)解
optimization :優(yōu)化
ordering of optimization(social) preference :(社會)偏好排序
ordinal utility :序數(shù)效用
ordinary goods :一般品
output :產量、產出
output elasticity :產出彈性
output maximization 產出極大化
parameter :參數(shù)
Pareto criterion :帕累托標準
Pareto efficiency :帕累托效率
Pareto improvement :帕累托改進
Pareto optimality :帕累托優(yōu)化
Pareto set :帕累托集
partial derivative :偏導數(shù)
partial equilibrium :局部均衡
patent :專利
pay off matrix :收益矩陣、支付矩陣
perceived demand curve :感覺到的需求曲線
perfect competition :完全競爭
perfect complement :完全互補品
perfect monopoly :完全壟斷
perfect price discrimination :完全價格歧視
perfect substitution :完全替代品
perfect inelasticity :完全無彈性
perfectly elastic :完全有彈性
perfectly inelastic :完全無彈性
plant size :工廠規(guī)模
point elasticity :點彈性
post Hoc Fallacy :后此謬誤
prediction :預測
preference :偏好
preference relation :偏好關系
present value :現(xiàn)值
price :價格
price adjustment model :價格調整模型
price ceiling :最高限價
price consumption curve :價格費曲線
price control :價格管制
price difference :價格差別
price discrimination :價格歧視
price elasticity of demand :需求價格彈性
price elasticity of supply :供給價格彈性
price floor :最低限價
price maker :價格制定者
price rigidity :價格剛性
price seeker :價格搜求者
price taker :價格接受者
price tax :從價稅
private benefit :私人收益
principal—agent issues :委托--代理問題
private cost :私人成本
private goods :私人用品
private property :私人財產
producer equilibrium :生產者均衡
producer theory :生產者理論
product :產品
product transformation curve :產品轉換曲線
product differentiation :產品差異
product group :產品集團
production :生產
production contract curve :生產契約曲線
production efficiency :生產效率
production function :生產函數(shù)
production possibility curve :生產可能性曲線
productivity :生產率
productivity of capital :資本生產率
productivity of labor :勞動生產率
profit :利潤
profit function :利潤函數(shù)
profit maximization :利潤極大化
property rights :產權
property rights economics :產權經(jīng)濟學
proposition :定理
proportional demand curve :成比例的需求曲線
public benefits :公共收益
public choice :公共選擇
public goods :公共商品
pure competition :純粹競爭
rivalry :對抗性、競爭
pure exchange :純交換
pure monopoly :純粹壟斷
quantity—adjustment model :數(shù)量調整模型
quantity tax :從量稅
quasi—rent :準租金
rate of product transformation :產品轉換率
rationality :理性
reaction function :反應函數(shù)
regulation :調節(jié),調控
relative price 相對價格
rent :租金
rent control :規(guī)模報酬
rent seeking :尋租
rent seeking economics :尋租經(jīng)濟學
resource :資源
resource allocation :資源配置
returns :報酬、回報
returns to scale :規(guī)模報酬
revealed preference :顯示性偏好
revenue :收益
revenue curve :收益曲線
revenue function :收益函數(shù)
revenue maximization :收益極大化
ridge line :脊線
risk :風險
satiation :飽和,滿足
saving :儲蓄
scarcity :稀缺性
law of scarcity :稀缺法則
second—degree price discrimination :二級價格歧視
second derivative :--階導數(shù)
second—order condition :二階條件
service :勞務
set :集
shadow prices :影子價格
short—run :短期
short—run cost curve :短期成本曲線
short—run equilibrium :短期均衡
short—run supply curve :短期供給曲線
shut down decision :關閉決策
shortage 短缺
shut down point :關閉點
single price monopoly :單一定價壟斷
slope :斜率
social benefit :社會收益
social cost :社會成本
social indifference curve :社會無差異曲線
social preference :社會偏好
social security :社會保障
social welfare function :社會福利函數(shù)
socialism :社會主義
solution :解
space :空間
stability :穩(wěn)定性
stable equilibrium :穩(wěn)定的均衡
Stackelberg model :斯塔克爾貝格模型
static analysis :靜態(tài)分析
stock :存量
stock market :股票市場
strategy :策略
subsidy :津貼
substitutes :替代品
substitution effect :替代效應
substitution parameter :替代參數(shù)
sufficient condition :充分條件
supply :供給
supply curve :供給曲線
supply function :供給函數(shù)
supply schedule :供給表
Sweezy model :斯威齊模型
symmetry :對稱性
symmetry of information :信息對稱
tangency :相切
taste :興致
technical efficiency :技術效率
technological constraints ;技術約束
technological progress :技術進步
technology :技術
third—degree price discrimination :第**價格歧視
total cost :總成本
total effect :總效應
total expenditure :總支出
total fixed cost :總固定成本
total product :總產量
total revenue :總收益
total utility :總效用
total variable cost :總可變成本
traditional economy :傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟
transitivity :傳遞性
transaction cost :交易費用
uncertainty :不確定性
uniqueness :唯一性
unit elasticity :單位彈性
unstable equilibrium :不穩(wěn)定均衡
utility :效用
utility function :效用函數(shù)
utility index :效用指數(shù)
utility maximization :效用極大化
utility possibility curve :效用可能性曲線
utility possibility frontier :效用可能性前沿
value :價值
value judge :價值判斷
value of marginal product :邊際產量價值
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